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Diet and Exercise: Route to Wellness, Fitness and Health

Low glycemic diet, high in fiber, proteins and physical activity are essential for muscle build-up. High glycemic carb diet, long chain fatty acid intake and sedentary lifestyle, on the other hand, will lead to fat build-up and metabolic syndrome. Fiber will supply short-chain fatty acids, as energy source from fermentation in the gut, as well as reduce glycemia. The muscle is the largest organ in the body and constitutes greater than 45% of the body mass. It is highly plastic and, by contributing to protein metabolism, is subjected to rapid changes in mass. Intermuscular fat is located beneath the fascia and within the muscle itself and affects insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Mesenchymal progenitors, fibro-adipogenic progenitors as well as pericytes, found in skeletal muscle, contribute to fat cell formation. Satellite (myosatellite) cells when subjected to high glucose(metabolic syndrome), equally differentiate into fat cells. These satellite cells, on the other hand, ...

The Role of Fiber in Health

Fiber, in ordinary nutrition, is known to provide roughage for the good bowel function. With generous amount of water, soluble fiber is broken down by gut microbes, through fermentation, to yield short chain organic acids that stimulate peristalsis. Insoluble fiber equally increases bulk and aids bowel movement.Taken with little water, it adsorbs water and prevents diarrhea. However, there's more to fiber than the regulation of the bowel. The short-chain organic acids, mainly acetate, propionate and butyrate, are anti-inflammatory. They are absorbed, get to the epithelium and kill pathogens which trigger inflammation and autoimmunity. Hence, a diet rich in fiber will fight against chronic infections by dispersing biofilm. It provides eustress, through mild irritation, promoting low level oxidation that can trigger anti-oxidation, repairs, stem cell formation, and prompt rejuvenation. Pathogens in dispersed biofilm are more readily killed by antibiotics and immunity. Fermenting ...

Co-existence between Microbes and Host Cells

There is much difficulty clearing an infection with prolonged sub-lethal arsenal of an antibiotic and the immunity, and this promotes tolerance with a resultant co-existence between the pathogen and the host cell. The pathogen would be slow-growing, usually intracellularly or extra-cellularly as biofilm. T-reg is upregulated as fewer antigens are shed, and even then not exposed as buried in the biofilm. Nutrients requirements are met by apoptosis from low grade inflammation. Adulthood stress-related inflammation is therefore supportive. An attempt to mount further and much forceful attack on the pathogen, by cutting through the biofilm, will only lead to toxin production and inflammation with little killing. Antibiotic peptide, TNF and amyloid production, meant to kill microbes, only promote further inflammation. The persistent pathogen, slowly-growing or dormant, has become less metabolically and structurally sensi...

Activity and Health

It is becoming known that the origin of circadian rhythm is linked to oxidative stress. This is entrained by sunlight, which is linked to activity.This is the body's way to link activity with metabolism and immunity through the circadian clock that uses the intermediaries of nutrition, temperature and physical activity, all being sources or form of vibrational energy and signalling molecules. The SCN, linked to photoneurones, makes factors that constitute clock proteins. These drive nerve and hormonal activity. They operate within a negative-feedback loop. Each organ has individual clock proteins that govern metabolic activity. The rate and extent of activity vary among organ tissues. However, some organs such as the liver, the kidney and intestines are governed by a common clock protein. Hence, the stress hormone,cortisol, released by the primary clock protein governs energy mobilization and catabolism as activity takes place in tamdem with individual organ clocks.The primary cl...