Type 2 Diabetes: What is It Really?
Type 2 diabetes is recognized as a complication of metabolic syndrome, which is a cluster that includes hyperlipidemia, hypertension, increased body fat around the waist, and an increased blood sugar, believed to be a result of oxidative stress. A ketogenic diet decreases glucose tolerance, at least temporarily. Fats do not need insulin to get into tissues nor do they particularly stimulate the mTOR pathway. Hence, like fasting, they stimulate the AMP kinase that promotes autophagy, and so produce a better mitochondrial function.It has been postulated that the inhibition of histone deacetylase is the underlying mechanism for this effect. A decreased ATP:AMP ratio is a sign of energy exhaustion or low supplies, and stress, that activate AMPK, comparable to the activation of sirtuins by a decreased NADH:NAD ratio which deacetylates macromolecules post-transcriptionally, thus activating these molecules.These effects activate repairs of worn out cells, including stem cells....